Discipline Guide / Taekwondo

Taekwondo

Taekwondo's forms are poomsae; the WT colour-belt set is Taegeuk 1-8. Half of solo practice is leg preparation.

Starter program (from zero)

  1. Daily: 10 min dynamic stretching + balance work
  2. Daily kicks both legs: 20 front, 15 roundhouse, 10 side
  3. Weeks 1-6: Taegeuk 1 in the mirror at constant stance height
  4. Then: the next Taegeuk every 6-8 weeks, older ones weekly

Kata / Forms

Taegeuk 1 — Il Jang 태극 1장

Colour belt

18 moves: low block, middle punch, front kick.

Taegeuk 1 — Il Jang — diagram

Taegeuk 2 — I Jang 태극 2장

Colour belt

Adds face-level techniques and more front kicks.

Taegeuk 3 — Sam Jang 태극 3장

Colour belt

Knife-hand techniques and kick-punch combos.

Taegeuk 4 — Sa Jang 태극 4장

Colour belt

Side kicks and back stance — the difficulty jump.

Taegeuk 5 — O Jang 태극 5장

Colour belt

Hammer fist, elbows and jumping transitions.

Taegeuk 6 — Yuk Jang 태극 6장

Colour belt

Roundhouse kick enters the form.

Taegeuk 7 — Chil Jang 태극 7장

Colour belt

Horse stance, knee strike, scissor blocks.

Taegeuk 8 — Pal Jang 태극 8장

Colour belt

The black-belt exam form with the jumping double front kick.

Koryo ve ötesi 고려

1st dan+

Black-belt poomsae: Koryo, Keumgang, Taebaek and beyond.

Techniques & Strikes

Kicks

Ap chagi
Front kick — the mother of all kicks.
Dollyo chagi
Roundhouse — taekwondo's signature.
Yop chagi
Side kick with the foot blade.
Dwit chagi
Back kick — straight line, look first.
Naeryo chagi
Axe kick — requires hamstring flexibility.
Ap hurigi / Bandal
Whip and crescent kicks of modern competition.

Hand techniques

Momtong jireugi
Middle punch — the most frequent poomsae technique.
Sonnal chigi
Knife-hand strikes, inward and outward.
Palkup chigi
Elbow strike (from Taegeuk 5).

Blocks

Arae makki
Low block.
Momtong makki
Middle block, inward and outward.
Olgul makki
High block.
Sonnal makki
Double knife-hand block in back stance.

Stances

Ap seogi
Walking stance.
Ap kubi
Long front stance.
Dwit kubi
Back stance, 70% rear.
Juchum seogi
Horse stance.

Tips

  • Skipping hip-flexor mobility work before kicking raises lower-back injury risk — always start sessions with dynamic stretching.
  • Master low/mid kick mechanics before chasing head height; height comes with time, but bad mechanics invite injury.
  • Keeping a constant stance height (no bobbing) in poomsae is one of the first things judges look for.

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